JEE Main & Advanced Chemistry Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties / तत्त्वों का वर्गीकरण एवं गुणों में आवर्ति Periodicity in properties

''The repetition of similar electronic configuration after a definite period is the cause of periodicity of the properties of elements.''

It can be explained with the help of electronic arrangement of elements. According to the modern views, the valency of an element is indicated by the number of electrons present in the outermost orbit. The chemical properties of elements are dependent on valency electrons. Variation in electronic arrangement leads to the variation in properties. After a definite interval, recurrence of similar electronic arrangement takes place when the number of valency electrons is the same. Thus, there is a regular gradation and repetition in the properties of elements.

Periodic properties are directly or indirectly related to their electronic configuration and show a regular gradation on moving from left to right in a period or from top to bottom in a group. Some period or from top to bottom in a group. Some important periodic properties are : oxidation number, shielding effect, atomic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, electro-negativity, valency, density, m.pt. and b.pt.