Acid, Bases and Salts
Category : 10th Class
Acids, Bases and Salts
The term acid has its origin in the latin word acidus, meaning sour.
Acids have a sour taste, turn blue litmus to red, conduct electricity and react with metals to form salt and hydrogen gas.
A base is a substance, usually the oxide or the hydroxide of a metal, which can react with an acid to produce salt and water.
Bases have bitter taste, soapy to touch, turn red litmus to blue and react with metals to form hydrogen gas.
In 1909 Sorensen devised a scale (known as pH scale) on which the strength of acid solutions as well as basic solutions could be represented by making use of the hydrogen ion concentrations in them.
(i) Acids (or acidic solutions) have a pH of less
than 7.
(ii) Bases (or basic solutions) have a pH of more
than 7.
(iii) Neutral substances have a pH of exactly 7.
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