Answer:
COMPARISON OF
SIGMA AND PI-BONDS
S. No.
\[\sigma \]-bond
\[\pi \]-bond
(i)
The bond is formed by the
overlapping of orbitals along their axes (end to end overlap). It includes s-s,
s-p and p-p overlapping.
The bond is formed by
sidewise overlapping of orbitals (lateral overlapping). It includes p-p
overlapping.
(ii)
It is a strong bond.
It is a weak bond.
(iii)
Electron cloud is symmetrical
about the line joining the two nuclei.
Electron cloud is
unsymmetrical.
(iv)
There can be free rotation of
atoms around this bond.
Free rotation is not possible
around this bond.
(v)
These are less reactive.
These are more reactive.
(vi)
The shape of the molecule is
determined by these bonds.
These bonds do not affect the
shape of the molecule.
(vii)
\[\sigma \]-electrons are
referred as localized.
\[\pi \]-electrons are
referred as mobile electrons.
(viii)
\[\sigma \]-bond can have an
independent existence.
\[\pi \]-bond always exists
along with a \[\sigma \]-bond.
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