question_answer 10)

 Why were Jyotirao Phule and Ramaswamy Naicker critical of the national movement? Did their criticism help the national struggle in any way?      

Answer:

 They were critical of the national movement run by upper- caste leaders because they held that this would serve the purposes of upper-castes. After the movement, these people would again talk of untouchability. Again they would say, "Me here and you over there". Periyar left the Congress in the reaction of an incidence of untouchability. Yes their criticism helped the national struggle as unity. The forceful speeches, writings and movements of such lower caste leaders did lead to rethinking and some self-criticisms among upper caste nationalist leaders.