Answer:
As traditional (conventional) breeding
methods failed to keep pace with demand and to sufficiently provide fast and
efficient systems for crop improvement, another technology called tissue
culture developed.
The advantages of tissue culture over
conventional breeding are as follows
(i)
It can be used to produce large number of plantlets within a short period bymicro
propagation.
(ii)
All cells in the culture are derived from a single explant by mitotic division,
therefore all have the similar genotype and constitute a clone.
(iii)
Tolerance to stress can be obtained by providing pollutants, toxins, salts,
etc., in culture medium in increasing dosage. The surviving healthy cells are
selected for raising resistant plants.
(iv)
Virus free plantlets can be obtained bymeristem culture.
(v)
Embryos which do not survive inside seeds can be grown by tissue culture to
form new plants.
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