Answer:
It is unfortunate that in our society women
are blamed for giving birth to female children and have been ostracised and
ill-treated because of this false notion. Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes
present, 22 pairs are exactly same in both males and females, these are the autosomes.
A pair of X-chromosomes are present in
the female, whereas the presence of an X and Y-chromosome are determinant of
the male characteristic. During spermatogenesis among males, two types of
gametes are produced.
50 per cent of the total sperm
produced carry the X-chromosome and the rest 50% hasY-chromosome besides the
autosomes. Females, however, produce only one type of ovum with an
X-chromosome. There is an equal probability of fertilization of the ovum with
thesperm carrying either X or Y-chromosome.
In case when the ovum fertilizes
with a sperm carrying X-chromosome the zygote develops into a female (XX) and
the fertilization of ovum with Y-chromosome carrying sperm results into a male
offspring. Thus, it is evident that it is the genetic makeup of the sperm
(male) that determines the sex of the child.
It is also evident that in each
pregnancy there is always 50% probability or having either amale or a female
child.
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