Answer:
Lithium shows diagonal
relationship with magnesium. The resemblance between the two elements is due to
following reasons :
(a) Atomic radius and ionic
radius of both are nearly the same.
(b) Electro negativities of both
are quite comparable.
(c) Both have high polarising
power.
Similar properties
(i) Both combine with nitrogen
on heating.
\[6Li+{{N}_{2}}\to
2L{{i}_{3}}N\]
\[3Mg+{{N}_{2}}\to
M{{g}_{3}}{{N}_{2}}\]
(ii) Both form only monoxide.
\[4Li+{{O}_{2}}\to
2L{{i}_{2}}O\]
\[2Mg+{{O}_{2}}\to
2MgO\]
(iii) Carbonates of both
decompose on heating.
\[L{{i}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\to
L{{i}_{2}}O+C{{O}_{2}}\]
\[MgC{{O}_{3}}\to
MgO+C{{O}_{2}}\]
(iv) \[LiF,L{{i}_{3}}P{{O}_{4}},L{{i}_{2}}{{C}_{2}}{{O}_{4}}\]and\[L{{i}_{2}}C{{O}_{3}}\]
like the
corresponding compounds of magnesium are
insoluble in water.
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