Answer:
(i) Hexane indicates the presence of 6
carbon atoms in the chain the functional group chloro is present at carbon-2.
Thus, the structure of 2-chlorohexane is:
\[C{{H}_{3}}-\underset{\underset{\text{Cl}}{\mathop{\text{
}\!\!|\!\!\text{
}}}\,}{\mathop{CH}}\,-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{3}}\]
(ii) The
root word 'pent indicates that the longest carbon chain contains 5 carbon
atoms. The secondary suffix-ol (-OH) and numerical prefix-en (C = C) are at
carbon 2 and 4 respectively. Thus the structure is:
\[\overset{1}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}}}\,-\underset{\underset{\text{OH}}{\mathop{\text{
}\!\!|\!\!\text{
}}}\,}{\mathop{\overset{2}{\mathop{CH}}\,}}\,-\overset{3}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\overset{4}{\mathop{CH}}\,=\overset{5}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,\]
(iii) Six
membered ring with a C = C is cyclohexene. The prefix \[-N{{O}_{2}}\] group is present
on C-3. Thus, the structure of 3-nitro cyclohexene is:
(iv) 1-ol
means that -OH group is present at C-1. Six membered ring with a C = C is cyclohexene.
The 'ene is present at C-2. Thus, the structure of
cyclohex-2-en-1-o1 is :
(v) Heptanal
indicates the compound to be an aldehyde containing 7 carbon atoms in the
parent chain. The secondary prefix hydroxy (-OH) group is present at carbon-6.
Thus, the structure of the compound is:
\[\overset{7}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}}}\,-\underset{\underset{\text{OH}}{\mathop{\text{
}\!\!|\!\!\text{
}}}\,}{\mathop{\overset{6}{\mathop{CH}}\,}}\,-\overset{5}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\overset{4}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\overset{3}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\overset{2}{\mathop{C{{H}_{2}}}}\,-\underset{\underset{\text{O}}{\mathop{\text{
}\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{
}}}\,}{\mathop{\overset{1}{\mathop{C}}\,}}\,-H\]
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