question_answer 1)

Out of benzene, m-dinitrobenzene and toluene which will undergo nitration most easily and why?

Answer:

The\[-C{{H}_{3}}\] is activating group (electron donating), it activates the ring and electrophilic substitution readily takes place in benzene ring. The \[-N{{O}_{2}}\] group is deactivating (electron withdrawing) in nature and further nitration is most difficult. Therefore, the ease of nitration decreases in the order: toluene > benzene > m-dinitrobenzene.