Answer:
Factors affecting electron gain
enthalpy
The magnitude of electron gain
enthalpy depends on a number of factors such as:
(i) Size of the atom:
Smaller the size of the atom, stronger is the attraction for the added electron
towards nucleus. Thus, smaller the size of atom, greater is the electron gain
enthalpy.
(ii) Nuclear charge:
Greater the nuclear charge,
Stronger is the attraction for
the added electron towards nucleus. Thus, electron gain enthalpy increases as nuclear
charge increases.
(iii) Electronic
configuration: The elements having stable configuration (half filled or
fully filled valence subshells) have very little or no tendency to accept additional
electron; hence, electron gain enthalpies are low or zero in these cases.
Variation of electron gain
enthalpies in periodic table: In general, the electron gain enthalpy becomes
less negative in going from top to bottom in a group and more negative inning
from left to right in a period.
However, electron gain enthalpy
does not show a regular trend along a period or a group.
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