Answer:
It is defined
as the average distance between the centres of the nuclei of the two bonded
atoms in a molecule. It is usually expressed in angstrom unit \[(\overset{{}^\circ
}{\mathop{\text{A}}}\,)\] or picometer (pm). It is measured by spectroscopic
X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction techniques. The bond length in a
covalent molecule AB is the sum of the covalent radius of the bonded atoms.
Bond length = \[{{r}_{A}}+{{r}_{B}}\]
The factors such as resonance,
electronegativity, hybridization, steric effects, etc., affect the bond length.
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