Answer:
Ion channels are
'gated', i.e., they may be open or closed. The 
ATPase create a charge
imbalance across the plasma membrane by carrying 
out of the cell
forevery 
ion carried
inside making the inside negative relative to outside.
The membrane is said
to be polarised. That is the reason the intracellular levels of 
are higher than
extracellular levels in animals cells.
Showing ion
balance in animal cell
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