Answer:
A neuron has
three main parts
(i) Cell
body (ii) Axon (iii) Dendrites
Any stimulus/nerve impulse passes from one neuron to
another via axon. This nerve impulse is wave of bioelectric/electrochemical
disturbance that passes along neuron during conduction of an excitation.
Transport
and release of a neurotransmitter occurs within a synapse. At a chemical synapse,
the membranes of the pre- and post-synaptic neurons are separated by a fluid-filled
space called synaptic cleft. Chemicals called neurotransmitters are involved in
the transmission of impulses at these synapses. The axon terminals contain
vesicles filled with these neurotransmitters.
When an
impulse (action potential) arrives at the axon terminal, it stimulates the
movement of the synaptic vesicles towards the membrane, where they fuse with
the plasma membrane and release their neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft.
The released
neurotransmitters bind to their specific receptors, present on the post-synaptic
membrane. This binding opens ion channels allowing the entry of ions which can
generate a new action potential in the post-synaptic neuron.
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