question_answer 49)

  Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions.

Answer:

                  The endoparasites such as Taenia solium and Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke), etc., are found inside the host body, and survive due to the presence of certain characters. Special characters present in by endoparasites are as follows (i) The possess anaerobic respiration and the gaseous exchange is through general body surface. (ii) These organisms bear additional organ for the attachment to the host. Fasciolahepatica possesses acetabulum or posterior sucker for the attachment. Taeniasolium posses hooks and suckers for the attachment with the host. (iii) Reproductive organs are well developed. They are generally, hermaphrodite and self fertilization is common in them. (iv) The thick tegument (body covering) is present which is resistant to the host's digestive enzymes and antitoxins. (v) Absence of locomotors organs. (vi) Tapeworms lack digestive organs because digested and semi digested food of the hostis directly absorbed through their because body surface.