question_answer 12)

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.   (i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.   (a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals   (b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy   (ii) What is a mineral?   (iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?   (iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?  

Answer:

(i)(a) Ferrous Minerals Ferrous minerals contain iron content and are helpful in the development of metallurgical industries. Iron ore, chromite, cobalt, etc are the examples of ferrous minerals. Non-ferrous Minerals These minerals do not contain iron content and play an important role in a number of industries like, engineering and electrical industries. Copper, zinc, lead and aluminum are the examples of non-ferrous minerals.   (b) Conventional Sources of Energy Conventional sources of energy have been used since a long time. They are non-renewable and exhaustible sources of energy. Wood, fuel, coal, petroleum etc are the examples of conventional sources of energy. Non-conventional Sources of Energy The sources of energy which are of recent origin and have not been commonly used are called non-conventional sources of energy. These are renewable sources of energy. Wind, tidal energy solar energy etc are some of the examples of non-conventional sources of energy.   (ii) A mineral is naturally occuring substance which has definite chemical composition comprising one or more elements. Minerals are identified by their physical and chemical properties.   (iii) Minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks found in the cracks, crevices and fault. Smaller such occurrence is called veins and larger are called lodes.   (iv) We need to conserve mineral resource because   (a) They are unevenly distributed over the surface of the Earth.   (b) They are non-renewable sources of energy.   (c) They are need for economic growth and industrialization.   (d) They are limited in supply.