6th Class English Tenses Present Tense

   Present Tense

 

Present tense locates a situation or event in present time. It expresses action in the present, a current state of being, an occurrence in the future, or an action that started in the past and continues.  

 

       Look at the following sentences:

Steve learns a lesson.

He is going to Mumbai.

I have met him twice.

He has been watching TV for half an hour.

The sentence given above show action in present time  

 

        Simple Present /Present Indefinite

Formation: Subject + \[{{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}\] or s/es form of verb + Object.

See the following explanation

The simple present tense takes one of the two forms depending on the subject.

Subjects followed by verb in                                                                    Subjects with verb in s/es form base form:

1. They request us to come to their home                                                  1. He lives in New York.

2. You always believe in preaching rather than implementing.               2. She loves playing badminton.

3. We work sincerely.                                                                                         3. Teacher teaches us.

  

 

 

He wakes up at 6AM daily in the morning.

Steve plays cricket in the morning.

He goes to Singapore every year.  

2.       Simple Present Tense is used to show general or permanent truth.

 

 

 

The sun rises in the east.

The earth revolves round the sun.  

 

       Types of Simple Present Tense

1.      Affirmative

You read a book.

He reads a book.

 

2.      Negative

You do not read a book.

He does not read a book.

 

3.      Interrogative

Do you read a book?

Does he read a book?

 

4.       Interrogative with "WH" family

Whatdoyou read?

What does he read?

 

 

       Present Continuous Tense

Formation: Subject + is/are/am + \[{{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}\] + ing + Object.  

 

      Look at the following sentences:

•   Serena is moving with a great speed.
•   We are attending the class.

In the sentence given above the verbs "is moving" and "are attending" show an action going on or continuing at the time of speaking (in present time). Here the action is incomplete. These verbs are in Present Continuous Tense.  

 

       Use of Present Continuous

1.       Present Continuous Tense is used to show a temporary action:    

 

 

I am reading a book.  

2.       Present Continuous Tense is also used to show an action expected to take place in future.  

 

 

 

My brother is going to home tomorrow.  

3.       Present Continuous Tense can also use to show longer Actions now in Progress  

 

 

 

He is learning art to become a famous artist.  

4.       Present Continuous Tense is used to show the action of near future  

 

 

 

I am going to Japan shortly.  

       Types of Present Continuous Tense  

1.       Affirmative

You are reading a book.  

2.       Negative

You are not reading a book.  

3.       Interrogative

Are you reading a book?  

4.       Interrogative with "WH" family

What are you reading?  

 

       Present Perfect Tense

Formation: Subject + Has/Have + \[{{\text{V}}^{\text{3}}}\]+ Object.  

 

       Look at the following sentences:

•   He has achieved more than expectation.
•   You have accomplished the task successfully.  

 

      Use of Present Perfect Tense

1.       Present Perfect Tense is used to express the actions just completed. It shows an action started in the past and completed at the time of speaking (in present time).  

 

 

 

•    Man has walked on the Moon.
•    Our people have learned a lesson  

2.       Present Perfect Tense is used to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.  

 

 

 

•    We have visited the zoo many times.
•    I think I have met him once.  

3.       Present Perfect Tense is used to show experience  

 

 

 

I have been to this place many times.

This sentence means that you have had the experience of being at this place. May be you have been there once, or several times.  

 

      Types of Present Perfect Tense  

1.       Affirmative

You have read a book.  

2.       Negative

You have not read a book.  

3.       Interrogative

Have you read a book?  

4.       Interrogative with "WH" family

What book have you read?  

 

       Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formation: Subject + Has/Have + Been + \[{{\text{V}}_{\text{1}}}\] + ing + Object.  

 

     Look at the following sentences:

•   He has been watching TV.
•   You have been learning a lesson.

In Present Perfect Continuous Tense action started in past continue in present and we hope it will continue in future.  

 

 

 

He has been watching TV for 1 hour. It means action started an hour ago, it is still going on and not finished yet.  

      Types of Present Perfect Continuous Tense  

1.       Affirmative

You have been reading a book for half an hour.  

2.       Negative

You have not been reading a book for half an hour.  

3.       Interrogative

Have you been reading a book for half an hour?  

4.       Interrogative with "WH" family

Which book have you been reading for half an hour?