3rd Class Science Parts of Plants Fruits

   Fruits

Ovary changes into fruit after fertilization. Generally plants store food in their fruits. Fruits are the source of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. They make our meal delicious. Fruits contain seeds which give rise to new plants.

Look at the different types of fruits in picture given below:

         Seed

Look at the following picture of different types of seeds:

Seeds are present in fruits. Many fruits contain one seed in it, for example mango. Whereas fruits like papaya, water melon, pomegranate have many seeds in it.

Seeds of such fruits are not edible. But we eat seeds of some fruits that are edible and help in the growth and development of our body. These seeds are cereals, pulses, spices like wheat, maize, rice pea, beans, groundnut, mustard, black pepper etc.

Orchid’s plants have smallest seed. Some seeds are very poisonous for human and animals.

Seeds of many plants are rich in oil, which serves as a good source of fat used in food. These seeds are obtained from sunflower, mustard, peanuts, soybean, sesame etc.

         Process of Seed Germination

Seed on getting air, warmth, moisture, soil and sunlight germinates. During germination roots grows downwards and shoot grows upwards, forming shoot system. Baby plant is called seedling. It uses the food stored in the seed. Seedling grows into sapling and sapling grows into plant. Plant produces seed on maturity and this process goes on.

Look at the following picture of seed germination process:

     Ayush likes to eat coconut. Which part of plant does he eat?

(a) Flower

(b) Fruit

(c) Leaves

(d) Seed

(e) Stem

Answer: (d)

Explanation

Coconut is an edible seed. Therefore, option (d) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.

     The following figure is the product of which one of the following types of plants?

(a) Herbs

(b) Shrubs

(c) Tree

(d) All of these

(e) None of these

Answer: (c)

Explanation

Mango is a fruit that grows into a tree. Therefore option (c) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.

   How Plant is Useful to Animals

Plants clean the environment by taking in carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen.

Plants help in returning water to the environment through the process of transpiration.

Plants serve as the source of food to the animals.

Roots of plants hold the top layer of the soil and stop it from blowing away.

Plants provide home to many organisms like squirrels, birds, snake etc.

Many plants like Tulsi, mint, neem etc. have medicinal value.

Furniture and many building materials are made from plants.

Plants have wide applications in human's life hence it should be stopped from cutting down. We should plant more and more trees to make our environment clean and green. Plants are our best friend which makes our life easy and comfortable. We are dependant on plants for our life. Plants are also dependant on animals for carbon dioxide. Look at the following picture to show the dependency of plant on animal and vice versa:

Desert flowers usually bloom after rain.

The branches and leaves of a plant together is called crown.

Orchid plants have the smallest seed.

Wheat is one of the oldest known crops, first cultivated in Iraq.

Lungwort is a herb used to cure breathing problems.

Algae is a plant that feed on pollutants in the water and make it clean.

Roots of banyan trees help to support the plant.

Croton plants, though contain chlorophyll, looks dark red in colour. Because the green colour of the chlorophyll is hidden by some other pigment.

Plants return water to the atmosphere through the process of transpiration.

Paper is made from papyrus plant.