2nd Class Mathematics Comparison of Numbers Comparison of Numbers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

This lesson will help you to:

• identify greatest and smallest numbers.
• make comparison of numbers.
• arrange numbers in ascending/descending order.
• learn about odd and even numbers.
• learn about position of objects.

Real Life Examples

The large numbers are used to keep records of:

• Population of a country.
• Employees in companies.
• Patients in hospitals.

QUICK CONCEPT REVIEW:

• The number which is largest in a given series of numbers is known as the largest or greatest numbers.

For example: 12, 32, 49, 60

In this example, 60 is the greatest number.

• The number which is smallest in a given series of numbers is known as the smallest number.

For example: 5, 35, 40, 75

In this example 5 is the smallest number.

COMPARING NUMBERS

We use following signs to compare numbers.

'>' means greater than

'<' means smaller than

'=' means equal to

Let us take an example. Which number is greater between 20 and 9?

Amazing Facts

• The number after an even number is an odd number.
• From number 0-1000, the letter ‘a’ appears only in the number name of 1000 (one thousand)

\begin{align}

  & \begin{matrix}

   T & O  \\

   2 & 0  \\

\end{matrix} \\

 & 2\,digits \\

\end{align}                       \begin{align}

  & \begin{matrix}

   T & O  \\

   {} & 9  \\

\end{matrix} \\

 & 1\,\,\,digits \\

\end{align}

20 has one more digit then 9. so, it is greater than 9.

\[\text{2}0\text{ }>\text{ 9}\]

Let us take another example.

Which is greater 25 or 35?

Both 25 and 35 have 2 digits. In this case, greater number at tens place will be checked since 3 > 2.

Therefore, since 35 > 25.

ORDER OF NUMBERS

Let us take an example

In the given image I, these children are ready to start a race. They are standing in order from smallest to greatest. When we write numbers from smallest to greatest, they are in increasing or ascending order.

As shown in image II, the children are now standing in order from greatest to smallest. When we write numbers from greatest to smallest, they are in decreasing or descending order.

Now try to arrange 36, 20, 56 in increasing order.

ODD AND EVEN NUMBERS

You must have observed in your routine life that various things are present in pairs. For example a pair of shoes, a pair of socks, a pair of gloves.

Objects that can be divided into pairs are called even numbers.

Now look at another image and try to find out whether they have even numbers or not.

In left image, after making two pairs, one bird is left. 5o it represents an odd number.

While in another image, after making two pairs no bird is left. So it represents an even number.

Objects that cannot be divided into pairs are called odd numbers.

In other words, it can be said that:

Numbers which have 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 at ones place are called even numbers.

Numbers which have 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 at ones place are called odd numbers.

POSITION OF AN OBJECT

You all give exams during your study. You also get marks. Have you observed that each one of you gets a position in the class.

Let us take an example.

Your friend Rahul got 2nd (second) position in the class, while you got 5th (fifth) position.

How positions are decided?

The marks one gets, decides one's position on in the class.

Let us take another example.

On sport's day. you all take part in the race. Someone wins and gets first position, someone gets 4th, 5th, 6th position and so on.

Numbers such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th specify position of an object in an ordered collection. These numbers are called ordinal numbers.

What is the position of V in STUDENT?

So, the position of 'U' is 3rd in the word.