NSCE -> NCSE Geography Syllabus
Class 6
Themes Objectives
Planet: Earth in the solar system. To understand the unique place of the earth in the solar system, which provides ideal condition for all forms of life, including human beings;
Globe: the model of the earth, latitudes and longitudes;
motions of the earth rotation and revolution.		 To understand two motions of the earth and their effects;

Maps: essential components of maps distance, directions and symbols.

 To develop basic skills of map reading;
Four realms of the earth: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere: continents and oceans. To understand interrelationship of the realms of the earth;
Major relief features of the earth. To understand major landforms of the earth;
India in the world: physiographic divisions of India – mountains,plateaus and plains; climate; natural vegetation and wild life; need for their conservation. To comprehend broad physiographic divisions of India; To describe the influence of land, climate, vegetation and wildlife on human life; To appreciate the need for conserving natural vegetation and wild life.
Class 7
Themes Objectives
Environment in its totality: natural and human environment. To understand the environment in its totality including various components both natural and human;
Natural Environment: land – interior of the earth, rocks and minerals; earth movements and major land forms. (One case study related with earthquake to be introduced) To explain the components of natural environment; To appreciate the interdependence of these components and their importance in our life; To appreciate and develop sensitivity towards environments;

Air – composition, structure of the atmosphere, elements of weather and climate – temperature, pressure, moisture and wind. (One case study related with cyclones to be introduced)

 To understand about atmosphere and its elements;
Water – fresh and saline, distribution of major water bodies, ocean waters and their circulation. (One case study related with tsunami to be introduced) To know about distribution of water on the earth;
Natural vegetation and wild life. To find out the nature of diverse flora and fauna.
Human Environment: settlement, transport and communication. To explain the relationship between natural environment and human habitation; To appreciate the need of transport and communication for development of the community; To be familiar with the new developments making today’s world a global society;
Human – Environment Interaction: Case Studies – life in desert regions – Sahara and Ladakh; life in tropical and sub-tropical regions – Amazon and Ganga-Brahmaputra; life in temperate regions – Prairies and Veldt. To understand the complex inter relationship of human and natural environment; To compare life in one’s own surrounding with life of other environmental settings; To appreciate the cultural differences existing in the world which is an outcome of interaction, between human beings and their environment;
Class 8
Themes Objectives
Resources: resources and their types – natural and human. To know the meaning of resources their variety, location and distribution;
Natural resources: their distribution, utilisation and conservation, land and soil, water, natural vegetation, wildlife,mineral and power resources (world patterns with special reference to India). To understand the importance of resources in our life; To appreciate the judicious use of resources for sustainable development; To develop awareness towards resources conservation and take initiative towards conservation process;

Agriculture: types of farming, major crops, food crops, fibres, beverages, agricultural development – two case studies – one from India and the other from a developed country/a farm in the US/ Netherlands/ Australia.

 Learn about various types of farming and agricultural development in two different regions.
Industries: classification of industries based on size, raw material, ownership; major industries and distribution; infrastructure and development. Iron and Steel (a comparative study of Jamshedpur and a centre in USA e.g., Detroit). Textile Industry (Ahmedabad and Osaka). Information Technology (Bangalore and Silicon Valley). To understand important forms of manufacturing industries.
Human Resources – composition, population change, distribution and density. To understand the role of human resources in development of nation’s economy.
Class 9
Themes Objectives
India: Location, relief, structure, major physiographic units. To understand the major landform features and the underlying geological structure; their association with various rocks and minerals as well as nature of soil types.
Climate: Factors influencing the climate; monsoon – its characteristics, rainfall and temperature distribution; seasons; climate and human life. (One case study to be introduced related with natural disasters) To identify the various factors influencing the climate and explain the climatic variation of our country and its impact on the life of the people; To explain the importance and unifying role of monsoons;

Drainage: Major rivers and tributaries, lakes and seas, role of rivers in the economy, pollution of rivers, measures to control river pollution.

 To understand the river systems of the country and explain the role of rivers in the evolution of human society.
Natural Vegetation: Vegetation types, distribution as well as altitudinal variation, need for conservation and various measures. To find out the nature of diverse flora and fauna as well as their distribution;
Wildlife: Major species, their distribution, need for conservation and various measures. To develop concern about the need to protect the biodiversity of our country.
Population: Size, distribution, age-sex composition,
population change-migration as a determinant of population change, literacy, health, occupational structure and national population policy: adolescents as under-served population group with special needs.		 To analyse the uneven nature of population distribution and show concern about the large size of our population; To understand the various occupations of people and explain various factors of population change; To explain various dimensions of national policy and understand the needs of adolescents as underserved group.
Class 10
Themes Objectives
Resources: Types — natural and human; Need for resource planning.
Natural Resources: Land as a resource, soil formation, types and distribution; changing land-use pattern; land degradation and conservation measures.		 To understand the value of resources and the need for their judicious utilisation and conservation.
Forest and wildlife resources: Types and distribution, depletion of flora and fauna; conservation and protection of forests and wildlife. To understand the importance of forests and wildlife in our environment as well as develop concern towards depletion of resources.

Agriculture: Types of farming, major crops, cropping pattern, technological and institutional reforms; their impact; contribution of Agriculture to national economy — employment and output, food security, impact of globalisation.

To identify various types of farming and discuss the various farming methods;

To describe the spatial distribution of major crops as well as understand the relationship between rainfall regimes and cropping pattern;

To explain various government policies for institutional as well as technological reforms since independence;
To understand the importance of agriculture in national economy.
Water resources: Sources, distribution, utilisation, multipurpose projects, water scarcity, need for conservation and management, rainwater harvesting. (One case study to be introduced) To understand the importance of water as a resource as well as develop awareness towards its judicious use and conservation.
Mineral Resources: Types of minerals,distribution, use and economic importance of minerals, conservation. To discuss various types of minerals as well as their uneven nature of distribution and explain the need for their judicious utilisation.
Power Resources: Types of power resources –
conventional and non-conventional, distribution and utilization, and conservation.		 To discuss various types of conventional and nonconventional resources and their utilization.
Manufacturing Industries: Types, spatial distribution, contribution to industries to the national economy, industrial pollution and degradation of environment, measures to control degradation. (One case study to be introduced) To discuss the importance of industries in the national economy as well as understand the regional disparities which resulted due to concentration of industries in some areas;

To discuss the need for a planned industrial development and debate over the role of government towards sustainable development.
Transport, communication and trade. To explain the importance of transport and communication in the ever shrinking world; To understand the role of trade in the economic development of a country and analyse the changing.