Category : Exam Preparation Tips
Chemical Kinetics
Chemical kinetics deals with the rates of reactions. In order for a reaction to occur, a collision must occur; the collision must be of sufficient energy to break the necessary bonds and be of proper orientation. This is the basis of reaction rates. Factors effecting reaction rates are concentration of the reacting species found in the rate law, temperature and the presence or absence of a catalyst.
A rate law of a reaction is a mathematical expression relating the rate of a reaction to the concentration of either reactants or products. One may not look at an overall reaction, and determine the rate law. The rate law may be theoretically determined from the rate determining step (slow step) of the reaction mechanism. Many chemical reactions actually require a number of steps in order to break bonds and form new ones. These series of steps are called the reaction mechanism. Reaction mechanisms are not typically covered in introductory level courses. The rate law of a reaction must be proven experimentally by looking at either the appearance of products or disappearance of reactants.
Consider the following overall chemical reaction:
2 NO(g) + O2(g) 2 NO2(g)
Here is an example of a rate law for the above reaction:
Rate = k[NO]2[O2]
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